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Chapter 9 – organic Compounds the Oxygen

Opening Essay

9.1 development to Compounds that Contain Oxygen

9.2 Alcohols and Phenols

Classification the AlcoholsProperties that AlcoholsGlycolsPhenols

9.3 Ethers

Properties of Ethers

9.4 Aldehydes and Ketones

Properties that Aldehydes and KetonesAldehydesKetonesBoiling Points and SolubilityAldehydes and also Ketones in Nature

9.5 Carboxylic Acids and also Esters

Properties the Carboxylic Acids and also EstersCarboxylic AcidsEstersBoiling Points, melt Points and SolubilityCommonly supplied Carboxylic Acids and Esters

9.6 reaction of Oxygen-Containing Compounds

AlcoholsDehydration (Elimination) ReactionsOxidation ReactionsAldehydes and also KetonesOxidation ReactionsReduction ReactionsAddition Reactions with Alcohols (Hemiacetals and Hemiketals)Reactions that kind Acetals or KetalsCarboxylic Acids
The acidity of Carboxylic AcidsCarboxylic Acids and the development of SaltsFormation of Esters native Carboxylic Acids and AlcoholsHydrolysis that Esters

9.7 thing Summary


9.8 References

Opening Essay

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Photo By: A. Savin

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9.1 advent to Compounds the Contain Oxygen

In this chapter you will certainly be presented to the significant organic functional teams that save on computer oxygen. This includes alcohols, phenols, ethers, aldehydes, ketones, carboxylic acids, and also esters. Number 9.1 gives the an easy organic functional teams for these compounds and also the IUPAC suffix the is provided to surname these compounds. When you will not have to formally name finish structures, you should be able to identify useful groups contained within compounds based upon their IUPAC names. Because that example, one alcohol is an essential compound v a hydroxyl (-OH) functional group on an aliphatic carbon atom. Due to the fact that -OH is the functional team of all alcohols, we frequently represent alcohols through the basic formula ROH, where R is one alkyl group. The IUPAC nomenclature guidelines use the suffix ‘-ol’ to denote straightforward compounds the contain alcohols. An instance is ethanol (CH3CH2OH).

You are watching: In a ketone, the carbonyl group is bonded to how many hydrogen atoms?

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Figure 9.1 common Organic Functional teams that contain Oxygen. The IUPAC suffixes provided in naming straightforward organic molecules are noted in the chart

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9.2 Alcohols and also Phenols

Classification the Alcohols

Some the the properties and reactivity that alcohols count on the number of carbon atoms attached come the specific carbon atom that is attached come the -OH group. Alcohols deserve to be grouped into three class on this basis.

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Properties of Alcohols

Alcohols have the right to be taken into consideration derivatives the water (H2O; likewise written as HOH).


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api/deki/files/96038/800px-Phenol-3D-balls.png?revision=1" width="190" height="219" />in a ketone the carbonyl group is bonded to how many hydrogen atoms?